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|family = R-7 (Soyuz) |derivatives = |comparable = |status = Active |sites = LC-31/6, Baikonur LC-43, Plesetsk ELS, Centre Spatial Guyanais LC-1S, Vostochny Cosmodrome (future) |launches = 50 (2.1a: 23, 2.1b: 26, 2.1v: 1) |success = 46 (2.1a: 21, 2.1b: 24, 2.1v: 1) |fail = 4 (2.1a: 2, 2.1b: 2, 2.1v: 0) |partial = |other_outcome = |first = 2.1a: 8 November 2004 2.1b: 27 December 2006 2.1v: 28 December 2013 |last = |only = |payloads = COROT, Galileo |stagedata = }} Soyuz-2, GRAU index 14A14, is the collective designation for the new version of the Russian Soyuz rocket. In its basic form, it is a three-stage carrier rocket for placing payloads into low Earth orbit. The first-stage boosters and two core stages feature uprated engines with improved injection systems, compared to the previous versions of the Soyuz. Digital flight control and telemetry systems allow the rocket to be launched from a fixed launch platform, whereas the launch platforms for earlier Soyuz rockets had to be rotated as the rocket could not perform a roll to change its heading in flight. Soyuz-2 is often flown with an upper stage, which allows it to lift payloads into higher orbits, such as Molniya and geosynchronous orbits. The upper stage is equipped with independent flight control and telemetry systems from those used in the rest of the rocket. The NPO Lavochkin manufactured Fregat is the most commonly used upper stage. Soyuz-2 rockets are currently launched from LC-31 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, and LC-43 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome, launch facilities shared with earlier R-7 derived rockets including the Soyuz-U and Molniya. Commercial Soyuz-2 flights are contracted by Starsem, and have launched from LC-31 at Baikonur and ELS (''l'Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz''), which has been built at the Guiana Space Centre on the northern coast of South America. The Soyuz-2 is expected to be able to deliver 2.8-3.5 tonnes to GTO from this site. The Soyuz-2 has replaced the Molniya-M〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Last launch of the Molniya-M on Sept 30th 2010. )〕 and is starting to replace the Soyuz-U and Soyuz-FG rockets which are currently in service alongside it, as they are expected to be phased out from 2014 onwards.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Soyuz-2 to replace its predecessors. )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alexander Kirilin: "We are working on three rocket". )〕 ==Variants== Soyuz-2 family includes 2.1a, 2.1b and 2.1v. The first two variants are modifications to the Soyuz-U launcher. The latter is a "light" version without side boosters. When launched from ELS site, the Soyuz-2 will always be mated with ST-type fairing. This version will be called Soyuz-ST or Soyuz-STK, where additional "K" indicates special measures taken for preparing and launching the rocket in hot and humid conditions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Soyuz-2 (rocket)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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